Bolt a hot 6″ line down at both ends and it shoves its anchors with about 143 tonnes. This preview shows how piping engineers give it room to grow.
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Free growth, 30 m, 20 → 180 °C | ΔL = 57.6 mm |
| Fully restrained stress | 390 MPa (1.62 × yield) |
| Anchor load | 1,403 kN ≈ 143 t |
| Expansion loop legs (guided cantilever) | ≈ 3.8 m, SA = 207 MPa |
Typical values: α 12×10⁻⁶ /°C, E 203 GPa, yield 241 MPa. Confirm loop sizing in pipe stress software.
